Who holds this IP address?

8.8.8.8 is not registered on its own — addresses are allocated in blocks, and this one sits inside 8.8.8.0/24, 256 addresses. Everything below describes that whole block rather than this single address, so a neighbouring address will usually return the same holder and the same contacts. ARIN records it as "DIRECT ALLOCATION".

This block is allocated to Google LLC. That is who the registry holds responsible for it — which is not necessarily who is using any given address inside it. Large hosting and cloud providers hold blocks they sub-assign to customers, so the holder here may be the platform rather than the party operating the service you are looking at.

ARIN is the registry holding this record. IANA's address bootstrap routed the query there on the block 8.0.0.0/8, which is the most specific published block covering this address. The block sits inside a larger allocation the registry records as NET-8-0-0-0-0.

The registry records this block as allocated on 28 Dec 2023. The record was last changed on 28 Dec 2023. A last-changed date reflects an edit to the registry record — a contact updated, a name corrected — and not necessarily anything about who is using the addresses.

Reports about traffic from this block go to network-abuse@google.com (or +1-650-253-0000), published as "Abuse". That is the address the registry publishes for the holder to receive abuse reports at. What it establishes is where a report is meant to be sent — not that anyone reads it, and not that a report will be acted on.

ARIN does not record which AS announces this block, and no AS number is reported here as a result. This is how RDAP works rather than a gap in the answer: RDAP describes REGISTRATION — who was allocated the addresses — and routing is a separate system that registries do not necessarily track. Of the five regional registries, only LACNIC publishes an originating AS at all. Finding what actually announces 8.8.8.8 today means asking a BGP source, which this tool deliberately does not do.